API Pump Standards | Understanding API Standards

API 610 Centrifugal Pump Standard

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API 610 is the API standard relating specifically to centrifugal pumps and centrifugal pumping systems. It provides design criteria for the design of the actual centrifugal pump, as well as how the centrifugal pump is to be tested, and what type of base it is to be mounted on.

Within the API 610 Centrifugal Pump Standard, there are various configuration codes for different types of centrifugal pumps. These are called out by a set of two letters followed by a single number. The letters are used to define the main different pump types, where OH stands for Overhung, BB stands for Between-bearings, and VS stands for Vertically Suspended. The number is used to differentiate more detailed configuration options within each section.

Below are simple definitions for each API pump type. Each of the following pump types is a sub-category of the API 610 Centrifugal Pump Standard.

 

API OH1 Centrifugal Pump

The API OH1 is a horizontal, foot mounted, single stage, overhung pump with end suction. The pump is mounted to a baseplate and driven via a flexible coupler.

610 API OH1 Pump

 

API OH2 Centrifugal Pump

The API OH2 is a horizontal, centerline mounted, single stage, overhung pump with end suction, and a single bearing housing. The single bearing housing helps absorb the forces imposed on the pump shaft and maintain the position of the rotor during pump operation.

API OH2 Pump

 

API OH3 Centrifugal Pump

The API OH3 is a vertical inline, single stage, overhung pump with separate bearing brackets. The bearing housing is integral with the pump to help absorb the loads imposed on the pump, and the motor is generally mounted on a support that is also integrated with the pump. The pump and motor are coupled with a flexible shaft coupling.

610 API OH3 Pump

 

API OH4 Centrifugal Pump

The API OH4 pump is a vertical inline, single stage, overhung pump with a rigid coupling on the pump and motor shafts. The C-face of the motor is mounted directly to the pump housing.

API OH4 Pump

 

API OH5 Centrifugal Pump

The API OH5 pump is a vertical inline, single stage, overhung pump that is close-coupled with the motor. In the close-coupled design, the pump impeller is mounted directly to the motor shaft (the motor shaft is designed to be extra-long), and the C-face of the motor is mounted directly to the pump housing.

API OH5 Pump

 

API OH6 Centrifugal Pump

The API OH6 is a horizontal or vertical, single-stage, overhung, high-speed pump that has an integral gearbox mounted to the pump housing. The gearbox is driven by the motor with a flexible coupling, and the pump impeller is mounted directly to the high-speed shaft of the gearbox.

610 API OH6 Pump

 

API BB1 Centrifugal Pump

The BB1 is an axially split, one- or two-stage pump with bearings on both ends of the rotating assembly. The pump is mounted to a baseplate and driven by a motor via a flexible coupling.

API BB1 Pump

 

API BB2 Centrifugal Pump

The BB2 is a radially split, one- or two-stage pump with bearings on both ends of the rotating assembly. The pump is mounted to a baseplate and driven by a motor via a flexible coupling.

610 API BB2 Pump

 

API BB3 Centrifugal Pump

The BB3 is an axially split, multistage pump with bearings on both ends of the rotating assembly. The pump is mounted to a baseplate and driven by a motor via a flexible coupling

610 API BB3 Pump

 

API BB4 Centrifugal Pump

The BB4 is a radially split, multistage pump with bearings on both ends of the rotating assembly. The BB4 pump is sometimes called a tie-rod pump, segmental-ring pump, or ring-section pump, because it’s main housing is made up of separate, sectional pieces that are all held together by large, threaded rods.

610 API BB4 Pump

 

API BB5 Centrifugal Pump

The BB5 is a radially split, multistage pump with bearings on both ends of the rotating assembly. The pump is mounted to a baseplate and driven by a motor via a flexible coupling. This pump is commonly referred to as a “barrel pumps” because the outside housing looks like a barrel. Because of its round design, the BB5 pump can be made to handle very high pressures.

610 API BB5 Pump

 

API VS1 Centrifugal Pump

The VS1 is a vertically suspended, wet pit, diffuser pump with a single casing. The discharge of the pump is routed through the upright column that suspends the bowl assemblies.

610 API VS1 Pump

 

API VS2 Centrifugal Pump

The VS2 is a vertically suspended, wet pit, volute pump with a single casing. The discharge of the pump is routed through the upright column that suspends the bowl assemblies.

610 API VS2 Pump

 

API VS3 Centrifugal Pump

The VS3 is a vertically suspended, wet pit, axial-flow pump with a single casing. The discharge of the pump is routed through the upright column that suspends the bowl assemblies.

610 API VS3 Pump

 

API VS4 Centrifugal Pump

The VS4 is a vertically suspended, volute pump with a single casing. This pump has the discharge column separate from the shaft column. The line shaft is supported by 1 or more bearings throughout the center column.

610 API VS4 Pump

 

API VS5 Centrifugal Pump

The VS5 is a vertically suspended, volute pump with a single casing. This pump has the discharge column separate from the shaft column. The line shaft cantilevered and is supported only by bearings in the top housing, and has no support bearing within the column.

610 API VS5 Pump

 

API VS6 Centrifugal Pump

The VS6 is a vertically suspended, wet pit, diffuser pump with a double casing. The discharge of the pump is routed through the upright column that suspends the bowl assemblies. Because of the second casing around the outside of the pump, the VS6 is often referred to as a “Can Pump”.

610 API VS6 Pump

 

API VS7 Centrifugal Pump

The VS7 is a vertically suspended, wet pit, volute pump with a double casing. The discharge of the pump is routed through the upright column that suspends the bowl assemblies. Because of the second casing around the outside of the pump, the VS6 is often referred to as a “Can Pump”.

610 API VS7 Pump

 

API 674 Reciprocating Pump Standard

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API 674 is the API standard relating to reciprocating positive displacement pumps and includes design criteria for both direct acting reciprocating pumps and power-frame type pumps (pumps driven by a motor via a crankshaft). The standard defines topics such as maximum and minimum speeds, pulsation and vibration control requirements, and testing requirements.

 

API 676 Rotary Pump Standard

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API 676 is the API standard for rotary, positive displacement pumps. The standard provides design criteria for all types of rotary PD pumps.

Under the API 676 Standard, there are various codes that define the type of rotary positive displacement pump. The codes are as follows.

  • VR – Rotary Vane Pump with the vane in the rotor
  • VS – Rotary Vane Pump with the vane in the stator
  • LS – Rotary Lobe Pump with a single lobe on each rotor
  • LM – Rotary Lobe Pump with multiple lobes on each rotor
  • GET – Rotary External Gear Pump (timed)
  • GEU – Rotary External Gear Pump (untimed)
  • GI – Rotary Internal Gear Pump (with crescent)
  • SS – Single Screw Pump
  • SMT – Multiple Screw Pump with additional timing gears
  • SMU – Multiple Screw Pump without timing gears (screws drive each other)